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Bunions and Hammer Toes
- What it is: A bunion is an enlargement of bone around the base of your big toe and is caused commonly by wearing tight shoes. A hammer toe is a deformity which causes bending of your toe joints and affect any toe of your foot. Both bunions and hammer toes can become painful, if left untreated.
- Treatment: Mild bunions and hammer toes can be treated by appropriate fitting shoes, over-the-counter pads/cushions, or insoles. In severe cases, your podiatrist may suggest surgery to realign and restore movement.
- Prevention: The best way to prevent both deformities is wearing properly fitted shoes.
Ingrown Nails
- What it is: An ingrown nail occurs with the edge of your nail grows into the surround skin of the toe. These usually occur due to tight fitted shoes, causing extra pressure on your toenail, and improper trimming of toenails.
- Treatment: At home treatments for an ingrown nail include the following:
- Soaking your feet in warm water and Epsom salt
- Properly fitted shoes to decrease pressure on toenail
- Application of antibiotic cream
- Over the counter pain relievers
- If the ingrown toenail does not get better, a podiatrist can perform an in-office partial or full toenail removal.
- Prevention: Easy ways to prevent ingrown nails include cutting your nails straight using appropriate clippers and wearing properly fitted shoes
Diabetic Foot Ulcer
- What it is: A diabetic foot ulcer is a sore or wound that occurs at the bottom of the foot in patients with diabetes. The wound is caused by neuropathic or vascular complications in patients with diabetes.
- Treatment: Treatment of diabetic foot ulcers depend on the severity. If you notice a wound or opening on any part of your, see a podiatrist as soon as you can to begin care to prevent worsening. A podiatrist can perform offloading, debridement, wound care, and surgery (if needed).
- Prevention: Prevention is key for diabetic foot ulcers. The following are ways to prevent diabetic ulcers:
- Have good control of your diabetes
- Stop smoking
- Regularly examine your foot
- Wear appropriate footwear
Neuroma
- What it is: A neuroma is a condition that affects the bottom of your foot, most commonly between your 3rd and 4th If you have a neuroma, it may feel like you are standing on a rock/pebble.
- Treatment: Treatment options vary depending on severity. Simply wearing shoes with appropriate fit and arch support can assist with reducing pressure on the neuroma. If symptoms persist or worsen, a podiatrist might suggest injections or surgery.
- Prevention: The best way to prevent neuromas is wearing properly fitted shoes with plenty of padding to cushion the balls of your feet.
Plantar Wart
- What it is: A plantar wart occurs at the bottom of your feet and can appear and feel like a callus. The wart can vary in size and are usually painless. Warts are usually acquired from contact to the virus and enter the body through small breaks in your skin.
- Treatment: At home remedies for plantar warts including over the counter wart removers or freezing medications. If the plantar wart persists or becomes painful, a podiatrist can perform in office procedure for removal of the wart.
- Prevention: Most common way to prevent a plantar wart is to avoid being barefoot in public areas such as gym floors, swimming pools, parks, etc. Other ways to prevent warts include keeping your feet dry and clean, changing your socks and shoes daily, and avoiding contact with other warts.
Fungal Nails
- What it is: Fungal nail infection is a common infection that causes your toenails to thicken, get discolored and/or break.
- Treatment: Your podiatrist can prescribe antifungal treatments for fungal nail infections.
- Prevention: Easy ways to prevent fungal nail infections include keeping your toenails trimmed and clean, keeping your feet clean and dry, and avoiding walking barefoot in public places.
Heel Pain/Plantar Fasciitis
- What it is: Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of pain in the heel of your foot. It is caused by inflammation in the band of tissue that supports the arch of your foot, called plantar fascia.
- Treatment: At home treatments for plantar fasciitis include ice, over the counter anti-inflammatory medications, and stretching. If the pain persists, a podiatrist may suggest the following: cortisone injections, custom orthotics, night splints, and/or shockwave therapy. In severe cases, surgery may be warranted.
- Prevention: Proper stretching and wearing appropriate shoes can help prevent onset of plantar fasciitis.
Venous Ulcer
- What are Venous Statis Ulcers? Venous statis ulcers are primarily found below the below on the inner part of the leg. They appear red in color with yellow tissue around the wound and are irregularly shaped. Venous ulcers are usually painless.
- What are risk facts for ulcers? Poor circulation to the legs, history of heart or kidney disease, alcohol or tobacco use, obesity, and diabetes.
- What are treatment options for venous foot ulcers? Treatment options depend on the severity of the ulcer and the patient’s general health. Treatment of venous ulcers usually include compression therapy to assist with reducing swelling of the involved leg. Treatment options vary from debridement of the ulcer to clean out the wound to inpatient surgery for limb salvage.
Arterial Ulcer
- What are Arterial Ulcers? Arterial ulcers are wounds caused by poor blood supply to the affected area. These ulcers are most often very painful and are located around the foot and around the ankle. Arterial ulcers are yellow, brown, or black in color and usually do not bleed.
- What are risk facts for ulcers? Poor circulation to the legs, history of heart or kidney disease, alcohol or tobacco use, obesity, and diabetes.
- What are treatment options for arterial foot ulcers? Treatment options depend on the severity of the ulcer and the patient’s general health. Treatment options vary from debridement of the ulcer to clean out the wound to inpatient surgery for limb salvage. Treatment of arterial ulcers focuses on promoting better circulation and healing of the affected area.